COP29 in Azerbaijan ended with contradictions. Despite hosting the climate conference, the country’s economy still depends on fossil fuel exports. Green projects mainly aim to free up fossil resources for export rather than cutting emissions. Oil extraction is harming areas like the Absheron Peninsula and Sangachal, while the Caspian Sea is rapidly shrinking. Internal dissent is repressed, with over 300 political prisoners, yet Italian companies like Ansaldo and Snam continue investing, even in the Nagorno Karabakh region.